Globalization - Cultural Globalization, Economic Globalization Definition and Political Globalization

            

Globalization and Its Impacts on People

Globalization is a common term for processes of international integration arising from increasing human connectivity and interchange of worldviews, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. Particular advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure including the rise of the internet represent major driving factors in globalization and precipitate further interdependence of economic and cultural activities

Also it is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations. This process has effects to the environment, culture, political systems, economic development and prosperity, human physical well-being in societies around the world.

Globalization is turning the world into a small village and the integration of states and peoples by means of rapid communication and the boom in communication between human beings via the internet and as the media that convey the news instantaneously perhaps the most important positive aspects of globalization in my point of view is encouraging the interaction and mutual understanding between people from diverse environments  and different backgrounds which facilitated the exchange of experiences and learn from different experiences of countries in all fields ,cultural, scientific, political, social and economic.

From the other hand as globalization encouraged civilized cooperation between countries it led on the other side to highlight the difference between the ideas, concepts and cultures which led to the emergence of the so-called collisions intellectual and the clash of civilizations has led, also to the growing fear of States about their cultural specificity and national identity which greatly badly affected from non-ethical ideas

Get an exact definition about the globalization is not an easy task I would like to discuss globalization relating to cultural globalization, economic globalization and political globalization separately.

Globalization impacts to the people economically, politically and culturally as motioned below

Economic Globalization Definition:

Economic globalization can be defined as the process of increasing economic integration between two countries, leading to the emergence of a global marketplace or a single world market. Depending on the paradigm, globalization can be viewed as both a positive and a negative phenomenon.

Globalization refers to in which activities of large number of business enterprises is carried out in many different locations across national boundaries. It is much more than just importing or exporting from one country to another. True globalization involves one firm obtaining form, manufacturing and selling many different countries. There has been an increasing trend in the world towards globalization is branded by trends such as:

·         Increased trade across national boundaries. e.g. Coca Cola, Unilever, Gillette

·         One company having subsidiary companies and plants in many countries, e.g. Airbus Co, Nokia, Sony, Panasonic

·         One company procuring material required from multiple countries. e.g. .Oil-Caltex Co, Gas- Shell Co,

·         One company selling its products in many different countries. e g. Mac-Donalds, KFC

·         Growth of joint ventures and technical collaborations between companies from different countries. e. g. Airbus Co,

·         Lowering of trade barriers and simplified import and export procedures. Bilateral Agreements with in two Countries.

Globalization offers many advantages to the people and businesses. These include:

·         Greater employment opportunities for people.

·         Availability of greater variety of goods and services to the consumers.

·         More competitive price to the competitors.

·         Ability of companies to achieve lower costs.

·         Access to bigger markets to business firms.

·         More gain from Comparative Advantage Theory

·         Faster and wider spread of new technologies across the world.

Economic Globalization has some disadvantages also:

·         Discourage local products e.g, Jinasena Products, Salusala etc

·         Huge competition

·         Unrestricted globalization can hamper the development of less developed countries.

·         Smaller firms may lack the resources to compete internationally and therefore may be forced out of business.

·         Countries become increasingly dependent on other countries for meeting their needs for goods and services. This can become a major disadvantage in situations like war.

·         Adverse economic condition in one country can escalate to other countries and may even adopt global proportion.

·         Globalization may also lead to faster spread of infectious disease, for people animals and plants. Such infection may be carried through, people or goods.

·         The rich are getting richer and the poor are becoming poorer

Political Globalization

Political globalization refers to the increasing number and power of human associations which influence or govern the world as a whole. Political globalization has an important significance for human beings. Because political globalization enables to let governments consider more in thought when they setting the policy. Also, governments can absorb the experiences from other countries. For example, today, china has learnt Open political psychology and democratic political conception from other countries. In china, it has become popular to use western countries' experiences to solve political problems such as election. However, Political globalization also has some negative effects. Political globalization accelerates the conflict between east and west. For example, some governments will distort correct values, even support other country's terrorist forces. Base on political globalization. Some countries have an excuse to participate in the management of other countries

Cultural Globalization

Cultural - growth of cross-cultural contacts have increased one's standard of living and enjoy foreign products and ideas, adopt new technology and practices and participate in a "world culture". Spreading of multiculturalism, and better individual access to cultural diversity (e.g. through the export of Hollywood and Bollywood movies). Some consider such "imported" culture a danger, since it may supplant the local culture, causing reduction in diversity or even adjustment. Others consider multiculturalism to promote peace and understanding between peoples.

Advantages

·         International travel has been made possible allowing access to different countries, cultures and experiences.

·         Job opportunities have increased as people are able to compete abroad for positions.

·         People have greater access to skills training and educational opportunities due to globalization.

·         Globalization has led to the ability of numerous countries to work together to overcome natural disasters and global challenges, such as global warming and emissions.

·         It increases understanding and breaks down cultural barriers between countries.

·         Developments in scientific and medical fields can be shared amongst countries and used for the good of all nations.

Disadvantages

·         Dominant cultures are impacting the cultural develop of other countries as media sources such as movies, books and magazine influence the next generation. An example of this is the American popular culture and the impact it has had on numerous countries around the world.

·         Increases the spread of disease as people are more easily able to move about internationally.

·         It can make illegal activity easier as large scale syndicates can be set up across numerous countries.

·         It increases the level of unemployment in countries as jobs are outsourced to other countries that pay lower wages.

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Conclusion

“With a better understanding of advantages and disadvantages of globalization any country can gets its benefits”.